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Foreign relations of Armenia

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Politics of Armenia

Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Member State
Council of Europe CoE Member State

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Since its independence, Armenia has maintained a policy of trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union.[1] It has full membership status in a number of international organizations, such as the Council of Europe and the Eurasian Economic Union, and observer status, etc. in some others. However, the dispute over the Armenian genocide of 1915 and the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict have created tense relations with two of its immediate neighbors, Azerbaijan and Turkey.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs implements the foreign policy agenda of the Government of Armenia and organizes and manages diplomatic services abroad. Since August 2021, Ararat Mirzoyan has served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.

Foreign relations

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Armenia is a member of more than 70 different international organizations, including the following:

Armenia is also an observer member of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, the Community of Democratic Choice, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of American States, the Pacific Alliance,[2] the Arab League, the Community of Democracies,[3] a dialogue partner in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and a regional member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

Armenian genocide recognition

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See also: Armenian genocide recognition
  Countries that officially recognize the events as genocide.
  Countries where certain political parties, provinces or municipalities have recognized the events as genocide, independently from the government as a whole.
  Countries that explicitly deny that there was an Armenian genocide.

As of 2024, 34 states have officially recognized the historical events as genocide. Parliaments of countries that recognize the Armenian genocide include Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, United States, Uruguay, Vatican City and Venezuela.[4] Additionally, some regional governments of countries recognize the Armenian genocide too, such as New South Wales and South Australia in Australia[5][6] as well as Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in the United Kingdom.[7][8] US House Resolution 106 was introduced on 30 January 2007, and later referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. The bill has 225 co-sponsors.[9] The bill called for former President George W. Bush to recognize and use the word genocide in his annual 24 April speech which he never used. His successor President Barack Obama expressed his desire to recognize the Armenian genocide during the electoral campaigns,[10] but after being elected, did not use the word "genocide" to describe the events that occurred in 1915.[11] The US House of Representatives formally recognized the Armenian genocide with House Resolution 296 on 29 October 2019.[12] The United States Senate unanimously recognized the genocide with Senate Resolution 150 on 12 December 2019.[13] In 2021, President Joe Biden became the first U.S. president to formally recognize the Armenian genocide.[14] As of 2022, all 50 U.S. states have also recognized the events as genocide.

Disputes

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Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

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See also: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Armenia provides political, material and military support to the Republic of Artsakh in the longstanding Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

The current conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh began in 1988 when Armenian demonstrations against Azerbaijani rule broke out in Nagorno–Karabakh and later in Armenia. The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast voted to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia. Soon, violence broke out against Armenians in Azerbaijan and Azeris in Armenia. In 1990, after violent episodes in Nagorno–Karabakh and Azerbaijani cities like Baku, Sumgait and Kirovabad, Moscow declared a state of emergency in Karabakh, sending troops to the region, and forcibly occupied Baku, killing over a hundred civilians. In April 1991, Azerbaijani militia and Soviet forces targeted Armenian populations in Karabakh, known as Operation Ring. Moscow also deployed troops to Yerevan. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, conflict escalated into a full-scale war between the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (supported by Armenia), and Azerbaijan. Military action was influenced by the Russian military, which manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring sides in order to keep both under control.[citation needed]

More than 30,000 people were killed in the fighting during the period of 1988 to 1994. In May 1992, Armenian forces seized Shusha and Lachin (thereby linking Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia). By October 1993, Armenian forces succeeded in taking almost all of former NKAO, Lachin and large areas in southwestern Azerbaijan. In 1993, the UN Security Council adopted four resolutions calling for the cessation of hostilities, unimpeded access for international humanitarian relief efforts, and the eventual deployment of a peacekeeping force in the region. Fighting continued, however, until May 1994 at which time Russia brokered a cease-fire between the three sides.

Negotiations to resolve the conflict peacefully have been ongoing since 1992 under the Minsk Group of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by Russia, France, and the United States and has representation from Turkey, the U.S., several European nations, Armenia and Azerbaijan. Despite the 1994 cease-fire, sporadic violations, sniper-fire and land mine incidents continue to claim over 100 lives each year.[15][self-published source?]

Since 1997, the Minsk Group co-chairs have presented three proposals to serve as a framework for resolving the conflict. Each proposal was rejected. Beginning in 1999, the presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia initiated a direct dialogue through a series of face-to-face meetings, often facilitated by the Minsk Group Co-Chairs. The OSCE sponsored a round of negotiations between the presidents in Key West, Florida. U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell launched the talks on 3 April 2001, and the negotiations continued with mediation by the U.S., Russia and France until 6 April 2001. The Co-Chairs are still continuing to work with the two presidents in the hope of finding lasting peace.

The two countries are still at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows evidence of travel to Nagorno–Karabakh, they are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan.[16][17]

In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenian forces and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.[18]

The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war and the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh were the latest escalations of the unresolved conflict.

Countries without diplomatic relations

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Armenia does not have diplomatic relations with the following countries (organized by continent):

Africa

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The Americas

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Asia

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Oceania

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Armenia also has no diplomatic relations with states with limited recognition except for the now defunct Republic of Artsakh and the State of Palestine.[19]

Countries with diplomatic relations

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List of countries which Armenia maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date[20]
1  Lithuania 21 November 1991
2  Romania 17 December 1991
3  Ukraine 25 December 1991
4  United States 7 January 1992
5  Denmark 14 January 1992
6  Mexico 14 January 1992
7  Australia 15 January 1992
8  Argentina 17 January 1992
9  Bulgaria 18 January 1992
10  Greece 20 January 1992
11  United Kingdom 20 January 1992
12  Austria 24 January 1992
13  Spain 27 January 1992[21]
14  Netherlands 30 January 1992
15  Canada 31 January 1992
16  Germany 31 January 1992
17  Iran 9 February 1992
18  Sri Lanka 12 February 1992
19  Brazil 17 February 1992
20  Mongolia 21 February 1992
21  North Korea 21 February 1992
22  South Korea 21 February 1992
23  France 24 February 1992
24  Hungary 26 February 1992
25  Poland 26 February 1992
26  Lebanon 4 March 1992
27  Syria 6 March 1992[22]
28  Egypt 9 March 1992
29  Belgium 10 March 1992
30  Italy 17 March 1992
31  Cyprus 18 March 1992
32  Finland 25 March 1992
33  Cuba 27 March 1992
34  Czech Republic 30 March 1992
35  Russia 3 April 1992
36  Israel 4 April 1992
37  China 6 April 1992
38  Tanzania 22 April 1992
39   Switzerland 30 April 1992
40  Cambodia 14 May 1992
41  Moldova 18 May 1992
42  Equatorial Guinea 19 May 1992
43  Philippines 20 May 1992
—  Holy See 23 May 1992
44  Portugal 25 May 1992
45  Uruguay 27 May 1992
46  Burundi 28 May 1992
47  Ghana 29 May 1992
48  Norway 5 June 1992
49  New Zealand 6 June 1992
50  Luxembourg 11 June 1992
51  South Africa 23 June 1992
52  Morocco 26 June 1992
53  Zimbabwe 30 June 1992
54  Singapore 1 July 1992
55  Paraguay 2 July 1992
56  Oman 7 July 1992
57  Thailand 7 July 1992
58  Sweden 10 July 1992
59  Vietnam 14 July 1992
60  Georgia 17 July 1992
61  Bolivia 27 July 1992
62  Latvia 22 August 1992
63  Estonia 23 August 1992
64  Guinea 27 August 1992
65  Kazakhstan 27 August 1992
66  India 31 August 1992
67  Guinea-Bissau 3 September 1992
68  Japan 7 September 1992
69  Peru 9 September 1992
70  Burkina Faso 14 September 1992
71  Indonesia 22 September 1992
72  Turkmenistan 9 October 1992
73  Tajikistan 21 October 1992
74  Bangladesh 11 November 1992
75  Sudan 8 December 1992
76  Algeria 30 December 1992
77  Kyrgyzstan 9 January 1993[23]
78  Slovakia 14 January 1993
79  Nigeria 4 February 1993
80  Albania 18 February 1993
81  Cape Verde 26 February 1993
82  Malaysia 11 March 1993
83    Nepal 26 March 1993
84  Chile 15 April 1993
85  Antigua and Barbuda 14 May 1993
86  Malta 27 May 1993
87  Belarus 12 June 1993
88  Madagascar 25 June 1993
89  Kenya 13 July 1993
90  Zambia 7 October 1993
91  Venezuela 30 October 1993
92  Ethiopia 2 December 1993
93  Mali 21 February 1994
94  Gabon 9 March 1994
95  Slovenia 27 June 1994
96  Nicaragua 6 July 1994
97  Kuwait 8 July 1994
98  Serbia 8 July 1994
99  Angola 3 October 1994
100  Eritrea 16 October 1994
101  Colombia 22 December 1994
102  Maldives 9 January 1995
103  Yemen 26 May 1995
104  Mozambique 13 September 1995
105  Uzbekistan 27 October 1995
106  Jamaica 1 December 1995
107  Jordan 18 June 1996
108  Ireland 28 June 1996
109  Croatia 8 July 1996[24]
110  Afghanistan 5 September 1996
111  Bahrain 25 October 1996
112  Costa Rica 8 April 1997
113  Iceland 15 May 1997
114  Ecuador 20 May 1997
115  Bosnia and Herzegovina 29 July 1997
116  Qatar 5 November 1997
117  Laos 21 April 1998
118  Ivory Coast 13 May 1998
—  Sovereign Military Order of Malta 29 May 1998
119  United Arab Emirates 25 June 1998
120  Guatemala 29 June 1998
121  Panama 7 August 1998
122  Haiti 21 January 1999
123  Belize 12 February 1999
124  El Salvador 22 March 1999
125  Suriname 24 July 1999
126  Iraq 12 February 2000
127  Libya 19 June 2000[25]
128  Saint Lucia 17 October 2000
129  Somalia 28 June 2001
130  Brunei 15 April 2002
131  Tunisia 15 July 2002
132  Guyana 24 October 2003
133  Togo 14 November 2003
134  Andorra 18 November 2003
135  East Timor 23 December 2003
136  Sierra Leone 19 March 2004
137  Rwanda 29 March 2004
138  Senegal 8 April 2004
139  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 17 December 2004
140  San Marino 21 March 2006
141  Seychelles 19 April 2006
142  Namibia 2 October 2006
143  Montenegro 7 November 2006[26]
144  Chad 26 December 2006
145  Republic of the Congo 15 March 2007
146  Cameroon 28 May 2007
147  Benin 2 August 2007
148  Dominican Republic 9 October 2007
149  Mauritania 30 January 2008
150  Liechtenstein 7 May 2008
151  Comoros 2 July 2008
152  Monaco 15 October 2008
153  Fiji 7 June 2010
154  Honduras 16 September 2011
155  Malawi 20 January 2012
156  Tuvalu 16 March 2012
157  Grenada 3 April 2012
158  Bhutan 27 September 2012
159  Myanmar 31 January 2013
160  Eswatini 3 May 2013
161  Mauritius 28 June 2013
162  Uganda 28 June 2013
163  Vanuatu 26 September 2013
164  Democratic Republic of the Congo 11 October 2015
165  Niger 26 November 2016
166  Bahamas 21 September 2017
167  Central African Republic 21 September 2017
168  Federated States of Micronesia 21 September 2017
169  Palau 21 September 2017
170  Saint Kitts and Nevis 21 September 2017
171  Liberia 22 September 2017
172  Nauru 22 September 2017
173  Kiribati 26 September 2018
174  Gambia 10 October 2018
175  Dominica 5 April 2019
176  Djibouti 22 May 2019
177  North Macedonia 27 September 2019
178  Trinidad and Tobago 29 August 2023
179  Saudi Arabia 25 November 2023
180  Botswana 14 December 2023
—  State of Palestine 27 September 2024[19]

Multilateral relations

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Notes on some of Armenia's multilateral relations follow:

Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
 African Union 25 October 2010 Armenia established diplomatic relations with the African Union on 25 October 2010.[27]
  • The African Union Commission hailed the Armenian government's intention to have a representative in the African Union, and expressed willingness to develop relations with Armenia.
  • The Representative of Armenia to the African Union is located in Cairo, Egypt.
 Arab League 2004 Armenia was granted Observer Status in the Arab League in 2004 after a Syrian invitation.[28]
  • Armenia maintains positive relations with most Arab states.
  • A memorandum on mutual understanding and cooperation between Armenia and the Arab League was signed in January 2005.[29] The agreement promotes intensifying cooperation and the opening of Armenian diplomatic missions in Arab states.
  • The Representative of Armenia to the Arab League is located in Cairo, Egypt.
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1992 See Armenia–BSEC relations
Collective Security Treaty Organization 1994 See Armenia–CSTO relations
Council of Europe 2001 See Armenia in the Council of Europe
  • Armenia joined the Council of Europe on 25 January 2001.
  • The Armenian Permanent Mission to the Council of Europe is based in Strasbourg, France. The Council of Europe maintains an Office in Yerevan, Armenia.
  • The Council of Europe has recognized the Armenian genocide.
Eurasian Economic Union 2015 See Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union
  • Armenia joined the Eurasian Economic Union on 2 January 2015.
  • Armenia is a member of the Eurasian Customs Union Free-trade area.
  • Other members include Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Observer members Cuba, Moldova, and Uzbekistan.
 European Union 1991 See Armenia–European Union relations and Potential enlargement of the European Union
 NATO 1992 See Armenia–NATO relations

Bilateral relations

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Notes on some of Armenia's bilateral relations follow (organized by continent):

Africa

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Algeria 30 December 1992 See Algeria–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1992.[31]
 Angola 3 October 1994 See Angola–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1994.[32]
 Benin 2 August 2007 See Armenia–Benin relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 August 2007.[32]
 Botswana 14 December 2023 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 2023.[33]
 Burkina Faso 16 November 1992 See Armenia–Burkina Faso relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 1992.[32]
 Burundi 28 May 1992 See Armenia–Burundi relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1992.[34]
 Cameroon 28 May 2007 See Armenia–Cameroon relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 2007.[32]
 Cape Verde 26 February 2007 See Armenia–Cape Verde relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 2007.[32]

 Central African Republic September 2017 See Armenia–Central African Republic relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[35]
 Chad 26 December 2006 See Armenia–Chad relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 December 2006.[32]
 Comoros 3 July 2008 See Armenia–Comoros relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 July 2008.[36]
 Congo 15 March 2007 See Armenia–Congo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 March 2007.[37]
 Cote D'Ivoire 13 May 1998 See Armenia–Côte d'Ivoire relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 May 1998.[32]
 Democratic Republic of Congo 10 November 2015 See Armenia–Democratic Republic of Congo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 2015.[38]
 Djibouti 22 May 2019 See Armenia–Djibouti relations
In October 2015, both countries Foreign Ministers met to discuss establishing diplomatic relations and possible ways of developing bilateral ties.[39] Both countries officially established diplomatic relations on 22 May 2019 at the United Nations.[40]
 Egypt March 1992 See Armenia–Egypt relations
 Equatorial Guinea 19 May 1992 See Armenia–Equatorial Guinea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1992.[41]
 Eritrea 16 October 1994 See Armenia–Eritrea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 October 1994.[42]
 Eswatini 3 May 2013 See Armenia–Eswatini relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 2013.[43]
 Ethiopia 2 December 1993 See Armenia–Ethiopia relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 December 1993.[44]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Addis Ababa.[45]
  • Ethiopia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[44]
  • There is a small community of Armenians in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa. See also Armenians in Ethiopia
 Gabon 9 March 1994 See Armenia–Gabon relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 March 1994.[32]
 Gambia 9 October 2018 See Armenia–Gambia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2018.[46]
 Ghana 29 May 1992 See Armenia–Ghana relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1992.[32]
 Guinea 1992 See Armenia–Guinea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[32]
 Guinea-Bissau 3 September 1992 See Armenia–Guinea-Bissau relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 September 1992.[32]
 Kenya 13 July 1993 See Armenia–Kenya relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 1993.[47]
 Liberia 21 September 2017 See Armenia–Liberia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[48]
 Libya 2000 See Armenia–Libya relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000.[49]
 Madagascar 25 June 1993 See Armenia–Madagascar relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Madagascar were established on 25 June 1993.[50]
 Malawi 20 January 2012 See Armenia–Malawi relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 2012.[51]
 Mali 21 February 1994 See Armenia–Mali relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 February 1994.[52]
 Mauritania 30 January 2008 See Armenia–Mauritania relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 2008.[53]
 Mauritius 28 June 2013 See Armenia–Mauritius relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Mauritius were established on 28 June 2013.[54]
 Morocco June 1992 See Armenia–Morocco relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in June 1992.[55]
  • Morocco has an honorary consulate in Yerevan
 Mozambique 13 September 1995 See Armenia–Mozambique relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 September 1995.[32]
 Namibia 2 October 2006 See Armenia–Namibia relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Namibia were established on 2 October 2006.[56]
 Niger 26 November 2016 See Armenia–Niger relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Niger were established on 26 November 2016.[57]
 Nigeria 4 February 1993 See Armenia–Nigeria relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 February 1993.[58]
 Rwanda 2004 See Armenia–Rwanda relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2004.[32]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and the partially-recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
 São Tomé and Príncipe See Armenia–São Tomé and Príncipe relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and São Tomé and Príncipe.
 Senegal 8 April 2004 See Armenia–Senegal relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2004.[59]
  • Armenia is represented by Senegal through its embassy in Moscow.
 Seychelles 19 April 2006 See Armenia–Seychelles relations
Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 19 April 2006.[60]
 Sierra Leone 22 March 2004 See Armenia–Sierra Leone relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 2004.[61]
 Somalia 2001 See Armenia–Somalia relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Somalia were established on 28 June 2001.[62]
 South Africa 1993 See Armenia–South Africa relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and South Africa were established on 23 June 1993.[63]
  • Armenia is represented in South Africa through its embassy in Cairo, Egypt.[64]
  • South Africa is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine.[64]
 South Sudan See Armenia–South Sudan relations
Armenia and South Sudan have not yet established diplomatic relations, however the Foreign Minister of Armenia stated that Armenia recognizes the Republic of South Sudan as an independent state on 9 July 2011.[65]
 Sudan 8 December 1992 See Armenia–Sudan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1992.[66]
  • There is a small Armenian community in Sudan, most are concentrated in the Sudanese capital Khartoum.
 Tanzania 1992 See Armenia–Tanzania relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[67]
 Togo 14 November 2013 See Armenia–Togo relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 2013.[68]
 Tunisia 15 July 2002 See Armenia–Tunisia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 July 2002.[69]
 Uganda 28 June 2013 See Armenia–Uganda relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2013.[70]
 Zambia 1993 See Armenia–Zambia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.[71]
 Zimbabwe 1992 See Armenia–Zimbabwe relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[72]

The Americas

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Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Antigua and Barbuda 14 May 1993 See Antigua and Barbuda–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1993.[73]
 Argentina 17 January 1992 See Argentina–Armenia relations
 Bahamas 21 September 2017 See Armenia–Bahamas relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[74]
 Barbados See Armenia–Barbados relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Barbados.
 Belize 12 February 1999 See Armenia–Belize relations
Both countries established diplomatic relation on 12 February 1999.[75]
 Bolivia 27 July 1992 See Armenia–Bolivia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1992.[32]
  • Bolivia recognized the Armenian genocide in 2014.
 Brazil 17 February 1992 See Armenia–Brazil relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Brasília.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Brazil recognized the Armenian genocide in 2015.
  • There are between 80,000- 100,000 people of Armenian descent living in Brazil.[76]
 Canada 31 January 1992 See also Armenia–Canada relations, Embassy of Armenia in Ottawa, Armenian Canadian
 Chile 15 April 1993 See Armenia–Chile relations
  • Armenia is accredited to Chile from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and maintains an honorary consulate in Santiago.
  • Chile is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Moscow, Russia and maintains an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Chile recognized the Armenian genocide in 2007.
  • There are around 1,600 people of Armenian descent living in Chile.[citation needed]
  • Chile recognized the Armenian genocide on 14 September 2007.[79][80][81]
 Colombia 22 December 1994 See Armenia–Colombia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 December 1994.[82]
  • Armenia is represented in Colombia through its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
  • Colombia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • The city of Armenia, Colombia was renamed after Armenia in memory of the victims of the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are mainly 250 people of Armenian descent.[83]
 Costa Rica 8 April 1997 See Armenia–Costa Rica relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 1997.[32]
 Cuba 27 March 1992 See Armenia–Cuba relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 March 1992.[84]
  • Armenia is represented in Cuba through its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.[84]
  • Cuba is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[84]
 Dominica 8 April 2019 See Armenia–Dominica relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2019.[85][86][87][88][89][90]
 Dominican Republic 9 October 2007 See Armenia–Dominican Republic relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2007.[91]
 Ecuador 20 May 1997 See Armenia–Ecuador relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 1997.[92]
  • Ecuador is a member of the Andean Parliament which recognized the Armenian genocide in September 2016.
 El Salvador 22 March 1999 See Armenia–El Salvador relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1999.[32]
 Guatemala 29 June 1998 See Armenia–Guatemala relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 June 1998.[93]
 Guyana 24 October 2003 See Armenia–Guyana relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 October 2003.[94]
 Greenland 14 January 1992 See Armenia–Greenland relations
Armenia maintains relations with Greenland via Denmark, established on 14 January 1992.[95]
 Grenada 3 April 2012 See Armenia–Grenada relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April. 2012.[96]
 Haiti 21 January 1999 See Armenia–Haiti relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1999.[97]
 Honduras 16 September 2011 See Armenia–Honduras relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 September 2011.[32]
 Jamaica 1 December 1995 See Armenia–Jamaica relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1995.[32]

 Mexico 14 January 1992[98] See Armenia–Mexico relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Mexico City.[99]
  • Mexico is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an Honorary Consulate in Yerevan[100][101]
  • There are approximately 400 Armenians living in Mexico and several thousand Mexicans of Armenian descent.[102]
  • Mexico recognized the Armenian genocide in 2023.[103]
  • See also: Armenians in Mexico
 Nicaragua 6 July 1994 See Armenia–Nicaragua relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1994.[104]
 Panama 7 August 1998 See Armenia–Panama relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 August 1998.[105]
 Paraguay 2 July 1992 See Armenia–Paraguay relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 July. 1992.[106]
  • In 2015, Paraguay recognized the Armenian Genocide.
 Peru 20 April 1992[98] See Armenia–Peru relations
  • Peru recognized Armenia on 26 December 1991.
  • Peru is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • There are around 50 people of Armenian descent living in Peru.
  • Peru is a member of the Andean Parliament which recognized the Armenian genocide in September 2016.
 Saint Lucia 17 October 2000 See Armenia–Saint Lucia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 October 2000.[32]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 21 September 2017 See Armenia–Saint Kitts and Nevis relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[107]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 17 December 2004 See Armenia–Saint Vincent and the Grenadines relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 December 2004.[32]
 Suriname 24 July 1999 See Armenia–Suriname relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 July 1999.[32]
 Trinidad and Tobago 29 August 2023 See Armenia–Trinidad and Tobago relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 2023.
 United States 1920 & 1991 See Armenia–United States relations
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 brought an end to the Cold War and created the opportunity for bilateral relations with the New Independent States (NIS) as they began a political and economic transformation. The U.S. recognized the independence of Armenia on 25 December 1991, and opened an embassy in Yerevan in February 1992.
 Uruguay 27 May 1992 See Armenia–Uruguay relations
 Venezuela 30 October 1993[98] See Armenia–Venezuela relations
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Caracas
  • Venezuela is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • There are around 4000 people of Armenian descent living in Venezuela.[76]
  • Venezuelan parliament has recognized the Armenian genocide.

Asia

[edit]
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Afghanistan 5 September 1996 See Afghanistan–Armenia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1996.[111]
Relations suspended following the 2021 Taliban offensive.
 Azerbaijan No diplomatic relations See Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sumgait pogrom, Baku pogrom, Maraga massacre, Khachkar destruction in Nakhichevan, Second Nagorno-Karabakh War The two nations have fought two wars in 1918–20 (Armenian–Azerbaijani War) and in the 1988–94 (Nagorno-Karabakh War), in the past century, with last one ended with provisional cease fire agreement signed in Bishkek. There are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries, because of the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and dispute.
During the Soviet period, many Armenians and Azeris lived in relative peace under the Soviet iron fist. However, when Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika, the majority of Armenians from the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) of the Azerbaijan SSR began a movement to unify with the Armenian SSR. In 1988, the Armenians of Karabakh voted to secede and join Armenia. This, along with sporadic massacres in Azerbaijan against Armenians resulted in the conflict that became known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The violence resulted in de facto Armenian control of former NKAO and seven surrounding Azerbaijani regions which was effectively halted when the three sides agreed to observe a cease-fire which has been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 the sides also agreed to mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by the U.S., France and Russia, and comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and several Western European nations. Despite the cease fire, up to 40 clashes are reported along the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lines of control each year.[citation needed]
The sides are still technically at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows any evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh, they are forbidden to enter the Republic of Azerbaijan.
In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenia and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the three sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.
The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020, the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, and the ongoing Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis have further deteriorated relations and heightened tension between the two nations.
 Bahrain October 1996 See Armenia–Bahrain relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in October 1996.[112]
 Bangladesh 11 November 1992 See Armenia–Bangladesh relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 November 1992.[113]
 Bhutan 27 September 2012 See Armenia–Bhutan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2012.
 Brunei Darussalam 15 April 2012 See Armenia–Brunei Darussalam relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 April 2012.[112]
 Cambodia 14 May 1992 See Armenia–Cambodia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1992.[112]
 China 6 April 1992 See Armenia–China relations
  • China recognized Armenia on 21 December 1991.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Beijing.
  • China has an embassy in Yerevan.[114]
  • Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, cultural exchange has been a major component of bilateral relations, as both nations recognize the importance of creating a strong foundation based upon their ancient and rich histories.[115]
 East Timor 23 December 2003 See Armenia–East Timor relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 2003.[116]
 Georgia 17 July 1992 See Armenia–Georgia relations
Armenians and Georgians have a lot in common. Both are ancient Christian civilizations with their own distinct alphabets. Both use the terms "Apostolic" and "Orthodox" in the full titles of their respective churches. They also use the term "Catholicos" to refer to their church patriarchs. Despite all this, however, Armenians and Georgians have tended to have a tenuous relationship (at times, sharing close bonds while at other times regarding each other as rivals).
Today, relations with Georgia are of particular importance for Armenia because, under the economic blockade imposed by Turkey and Azerbaijan due to the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Georgia offers Armenia its only land connection with Europe and access to its Black Sea ports. However, because of Armenia's reliance on Russia and Georgia, both of whom fought the 2008 South Ossetia war and severed diplomatic and economic relations as a result; and as 70% of Armenia's imports entered via Georgia especially from Russia which has imposed an economic blockade on Georgia, Armenia also has been indirectly affected from this blockade as well. The development of close relations between Turkey and Georgia (such as the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and South Caucasus natural gas pipeline) have also weighed on the mutual relations. For example, on 20 March 2006, Georgian Ambassador to Armenia Revaz Gachechiladze stated,

"We sympathize with the sister nation but taking decisions of the kind we should take into account the international situation. When the time comes Georgia will do everything within the limits of the possible for the recognition of the Armenian genocide by the international community including Georgia."

However, Armenian-Georgian relations have begun to improve. On 10 May 2006, Armenia and Georgia agreed on the greater part of the lines of the state border between the two countries. The Javakheti region in southern Georgia contains a large Armenian population and although there have been local civic organizations (such as United Javakhk) pushing for autonomy, there has been no violence between Armenians and Georgians in the area.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Tbilisi and general consulate in Batumi.
  • Georgia has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are roughly 170,000 Armenians in Georgia today.
 India 31 August 1992 See Armenia–India relations
  • Since 1999, Armenia has an embassy in New Delhi and two honorary consulates Mumbai, and Chennai.
  • India has an embassy in Yerevan.[117]
  • Indian government is funding the renovation of schools in Lori region.
  • Around 700 Medical students are studying in Armenian universities.
  • Armenia recognizes Kashmir to be part of India and not of Pakistan.
  • Armenia supports India's bid for permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council.[118]
 Indonesia 22 September 1992 See Armenia–Indonesia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1992.[119]

 Iran 9 February 1992 See Armenia–Iran relations
Despite religious and ideological differences, relations between Armenia and the Islamic Republic of Iran remain cordial and Armenia and Iran are strategic partners in the region. Armenia and Iran enjoy cultural and historical ties that go back thousands of years. There are no border disputes between the two countries and the Christian Armenian minority in Iran enjoys official recognition. Of special importance is the cooperation in the field of energy security which lowers Armenia's dependence on Russia and can in the future also supply Iranian gas to Europe through Georgia and the Black Sea.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Tehran.
  • Iran has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • An estimated 200,000 Armenians live in Iran. See also Iranian Armenians
 Iraq 2000 See Armenia–Iraq relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000[121]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Baghdad
  • Iraq has an embassy in Yerevan
  • In 2015, Armenia announced it would establish a consulate general in Erbil, the capital of Kurdistan Region.
  • Today it is estimated that there are around 15,000 Armenians in Iraq.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Iraq.
 Israel 4 April 1992 See Armenia–Israel relations
Since independence, Armenia has received support from Israel. While both countries have diplomatic relations, neither maintained an embassy in the other country, until Armenia opened an embassy in Tel Aviv in 2020. Ehude Moshe Eytam, the Israeli ambassador to Armenia is based in Tbilisi, Georgia, and visits Yerevan twice a month. Israel has recognized 24 Armenians as Righteous Among the Nations for risking their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust.
 Japan 7 September 1992 See Armenia–Japan relations
 Jordan 18 June 1996 See Armenia–Jordan relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1996.[122]
  • Armenia is represented by a consulate in the capital Amman.
  • There are an estimated 3,000–5,000 Armenians living in the country today.
 Kazakhstan 27 August 1992 See Armenia–Kazakhstan relations
 Kuwait 1994 See Armenia–Kuwait relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Kuwait city.
  • Kuwait has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 6,000 people of Armenian descent living in Kuwait.
 Kyrgyzstan 1993 See Armenia–Kyrgyzstan relations
 Laos 1998 See Armenia–Laos relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 April 1998.[127]
 Lebanon 4 March 1992 See Armenia–Lebanon relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Lebanon were established on 4 March 1992.
Armenian-Lebanese relations are very friendly. Lebanon is host to the eighth largest Armenian population in the world with around 160,000 Armenians in the country. Lebanon is the only member of the Arab League, much less of the Middle East and the Islamic World that recognizes the Armenian genocide. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Armenia announced that it would send humanitarian aid to Lebanon. According to the Armenian government, an unspecified amount of medicines, tents and fire-fighting equipment was allocated to Lebanese authorities on 27 July 2006.[128][129]
In September 2009 Mr. Ashot Kocharian was appointed the Ambassador of Armenia in Lebanon. On 18 April 2013, the newly appointed Ambassador of Lebanon to Armenia Mr. Jean Makaron presented his credentials to the President of Armenia.
On 4 March 2016, Mr. Samvel Mkrtchyan was appointed the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Armenia to the Lebanese Republic.
  • Armenian is a recognized minority language in Lebanon.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Beirut.
  • Lebanon has an embassy in Yerevan.
 Malaysia 11 March 1993 See Armenia–Malaysia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Malaysia through embassy in New Delhi (India).
  • Malaysia is represented in Armenia through embassy in Moscow (Russia).
 Maldives 1995 See Armenia–Maldives relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1995.[130]
 Mongolia 1992 See Armenia–Mongolia relations
* Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 February 1992.[131]
 Myanmar 31 January 2013 See Armenia–Myanmar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 2013.[132]
   Nepal 26 March 1993 See Armenia–Nepal relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1993.[133]
 North Korea 13 February 1992[134] See Armenia–North Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) started on 13 February 1992.[134]
 Oman July 1992 See Armenia–Oman relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in July 1992.[135]
  • Oman has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
 Pakistan See Armenia–Pakistan relations
Armenia-Pakistan relations are poor owing to disagreements between the two countries. The main issue is the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan is a major supporter of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan also does not recognize Armenia despite Armenia recognizing Pakistan. Pakistan does not recognize the Armenian genocide and maintains that during the war large number of Armenians and Muslims were killed. Armenia also has friendly relations with India, which Pakistan heavily opposes.
 Palestine 27 September 2024 See Armenia–Palestine relations
On 21 June 2024, the Armenian government recognized the State of Palestine.[136] On 27 September 2024, diplomatic relations were established.[19]
 Philippines 20 May 1992 See Armenia–Philippines relations
  • The Philippines has a consulate in Yerevan.
  • Armenia has a consulate in Manila.
 Qatar 5 November 1997 See Armenia–Qatar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1997.[112]
  • Approximately 5,500 Armenians live in Qatar, mostly in the capital Doha. See also Armenians in Qatar.
  • Armenia maintains an embassy in Doha.
 Saudi Arabia 25 November 2023[137] See Armenia–Saudi Arabia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 2023.[138]
  • Armenia is represented in Saudi Arabia through its embassy in Abu Dhabi, (United Arab Emirates).
  • Saudi Arabia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Tbilisi, (Georgia).
 Singapore 1 July 1992 See Armenia–Singapore relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1992.[139]
 South Korea 21 February 1992[140] See Armenia–South Korea relations
The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Korea began on 21 February 1992.[140]
  • The Republic of Korea and the Republic of Armenia Policy Consultation will deal with ways to vitalize high-level exchanges promote substantive cooperation and work together on regional and global issues.[141]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Seoul.
  • The Republic of Korea has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Bilateral trade in 2014:
    • Exports : $15 million (textile, automobile)
    • Imports : $3 million (animal feed, rubber)
  • The number of the South Korean citizens living in Armenia in 2019 was about 373.
 Sri Lanka 12 February 1992 See Armenia–Sri Lanka relations
  • Armenia is represented in Sri Lanka through the Embassy of Armenia in New Delhi.
  • Sri Lanka is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
 Syria 1992 See Armenia–Syria relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Damascus and a consulate general in Aleppo and honorary consulate in Der ez-Zor .[142]
  • Since 1997, Syria has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 150,000 people of Armenian descent living in the Syria.[citation needed] During the Armenian genocide, the main killing fields of Armenians were located in the Syrian desert of Deir ez-Zor. In 2015, the government of Syria recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: direction of the Syrian embassy in Yerevan[143]
 Tajikistan 1992 See Armenia–Tajikistan relations
 Thailand 1992 See Armenia–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992 by protocol.[148]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Bangkok.[149]
  • Thailand is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[150]
 Turkey No formal diplomatic relations See Armenia–Turkey relations
Turkey was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence in 1991. Despite this, for most of the 20th century and early 21st century, relations remain tense and there are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries for numerous reasons. Some bones of contention include the unresolved Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan (which has resulted in Turkey imposing a blockade on Armenia that is still in effect today), the treatment of Armenians in Turkey, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, and the Armenian claim of Turkey's holding of historic Armenian lands[citation needed][dubious – discuss] (ceded to them in the Treaty of Kars, a treaty which Armenia refuses to recognize to this day since it was signed between the Soviet Union and Turkey, and not between Armenia and Turkey proper). At the forefront of all disputes, however, is the issue surrounding the Armenian Genocide. The killing and deportation of between one and one-and-a-half million Armenians from the Ottoman Empire orchestrated by the Young Turks is a taboo subject in Turkey itself as the Turkish government refuses to acknowledge that a genocide ever happened. However, since Turkey has become a candidate to join the European Union, limited discussion of the event is now taking place in Turkey. Some in the European Parliament have even suggested that one of the provisions for Turkey to join the E.U. should be the full recognition of the event as genocide.
On 5 June 2005, Armenian President Robert Kocharian announced that he was ready to "continue dialogue with Azerbaijan for the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and with Turkey on establishing relations without any preconditions."[151] Armenia has also stated that as a legal successor to the Armenian SSR, it is loyal to the Treaty of Kars and all agreements inherited by the former Soviet Armenian government.[152] Yet Turkey continues to lay preconditions on relations, insisting that Armenia abandon its efforts to have the Genocide recognized, which official Yerevan is not willing to do.
In the wake of the 2008 South Ossetia war between Georgia and Russia, Armenia and Turkey have shown signs of an inclination to reconsider their relationship. According to The Economist magazine, 70% of Armenia's imports enter via Georgia. Because of the apparently belligerent posture of the Russian state, economic ties with Turkey appear especially attractive.[153]
It is estimated that around 70,000 Armenians live in Turkey today, down from nearly 2 million before the start of the Armenian genocide in 1915. See Armenians in Turkey.
 Turkmenistan 1992 See Armenia–Turkmenistan relations
 United Arab Emirates 25 June 1998 See Armenia–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Diplomatic relations between Armenia and the UAE were established on 25 June 1998.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.[154]
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 3,500 people of Armenian descent living in the United Arab Emirates.[155]
  • Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: presentation of the Emirati ambassador's credentials to the Armenian Foreign Minister[156]
 Uzbekistan 25 June 1995 See Armenia–Uzbekistan relations
 Vietnam 14 July 1992 See Armenia–Vietnam relations
  • Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Vietnam were established on 14 July 1992.[160]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[161]
 Yemen 26 May 1995 See Armenia–Yemen relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1995.[162]

Europe

[edit]
Further information: Armenia–European Union relations
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Albania 18 February 1993 See Albania–Armenia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Albania through its embassy in Athens, (Greece).
  • Albania is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Athens, (Greece).[163]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Andorra 18 November 2003 See Andorra–Armenia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Andorra through its embassy in Paris, (France).
  • Andorra is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Paris, (France).
 Austria 24 January 1992 See Armenia–Austria relations
 Belarus 12 June 1993 See Armenia–Belarus relations
 Belgium 10 March 1992 See Armenia–Belgium relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Brussels.
  • Belgium is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow.
  • Around 8,000 Armenians live in Belgium.
  • Belgium recognized the Armenian genocide in 1998.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to the European Union is located in Brussels.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to NATO is located in Brussels.
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 29 July 1997 See Armenia–Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
  • Bosnia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow.
 Bulgaria 18 January 1992 See Armenia–Bulgaria relations
 Croatia 8 July 1994 See Armenia–Croatia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Croatia through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and honorary consulate in Zagreb.
  • Croatia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Athens (Greece) and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Cyprus 18 March 1992 See Armenia–Cyprus relations
  • Cyprus was the second country to recognise the Armenian genocide, on 24 April 1975.
  • Armenia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Athens (Greece).
  • Cyprus is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia), and through an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • There are over 3.500 people of Armenian descent living in Cyprus.[57]
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Cyprus.
  • Vahan Ovanesyan of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation visited Cyprus on 24 January 2001 to take part in celebrations of the 110th anniversary of the federation.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Czech Republic 30 March 1992 See Armenia–Czech Republic relations
  • Armenia is represented in Czech Republic through its embassy in Prague.
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Yerevan.
  • The Czech Republic has recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are around 12,000 people of Armenian descent living in the Czech Republic.
  • Armenia and Czechia signed an agreement on military-technical cooperation.[165]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Denmark 14 January 1992 See Armenia–Denmark relations
  • Armenia is represented in Denmank through its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Denmark is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • On 26 January 2017, the Parliament of Denmark approved a resolution condemning Turkish violence and massacres against Armenians during the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are approximately 3,000 Armenians in Denmark.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Estonia 23 August 1992 See Armenia–Estonia relations
 Finland 25 March 1992 See Armenia–Finland relations
  • Before 1918, both countries were part of the Russian Empire. Finland recognised Armenia on 30 December 1991. Armenia is represented in Finland by a non-resident ambassador (based in Stockholm, Sweden). Finland is represented in Armenia by a non-resident ambassador (based in Helsinki at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan. Around 1,000 people of Armenian descent live in Finland.
  • Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Armenia
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 France 24 February 1992 See Armenia–France relations
Franco-Armenian relations have existed since the French and the Armenians established contact in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and are close to this day. 2006 was proclaimed the Year of Armenia in France.
 Germany January 1992 See Armenia–Germany relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Berlin and honorary consulate in Karlsruhe.
  • Germany has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Between 90,000 and 110,000 Armenians live in Germany today. See also Armenians in Germany.
  • Germany recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
 Greece 20 January 1992 See Armenia–Greece relations
Greece was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence on 21 September 1991, and one of those that have officially recognized the Armenian Genocide. Since the independence of Armenia the two countries have been partners within the framework of international organizations (United Nations, OSCE, Council of Europe, BSEC), whilst Greece firmly supports the community programs aimed at further developing relations between the EU and Armenia.
Continuous visits of the highest level have shown that both countries want to continue to improve the levels of friendship and cooperation (Visit by the President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrossian to Greece in 1996, visit by the President of the Hellenic Republic Costis Stephanopoulos in 1999, visit by the President of Armenia Robert Kocharyan to Greece in 2000 and 2005 and visit by Greek president Karolos Papoulias to Armenia in June 2007).
Greece is, after Russia, the major military partner of Armenia. Armenian officers are trained in Greek military academies, and various technical assistance is supplied by Greece. Since 2003, an Armenian platoon has been deployed in Kosovo as part of KFOR, where they operate as a part of the Greek battalion of KFOR. It is estimated that around 80,000 Armenians live in Greece.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Athens and an honorary consulate in Thessaloniki.
  • Greece has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Greece recognized the Armenian genocide in 1996.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Holy See 23 May 1992 See Armenia–Holy See relations
  • Armenia maintains an embassy in the Vatican.
  • In 2000, the Vatican recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • The Holy See maintains a Apostolic Nunciature in Yerevan.
 Hungary 26 February 1992 See Armenia–Hungary relations
  • Armenia is represented in Hungary through its embassy in Vienna (Austria).
  • Hungary is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Tbilisi (Georgia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[166]
  • There are around 30,000 people of Armenian descent living in Hungary.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Hungary.
 Iceland 1995 See Armenia–Iceland relations
  • Iceland is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[167]
 Ireland 13 June 1996 See Armenia–Ireland relations
  • Ireland recognized Armenia's independence in December 1991.
  • Armenia is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London and through an honorary consulate in Dublin.[168]
  • Ireland is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Sofia (Bulgaria) and through an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.[169]
  • There is a small Armenian community in Ireland, mostly in Dublin.
 Italy 12 May 1993 See Armenia–Italy relations
 Kosovo See Armenia–Kosovo relations
  • Armenia has not established diplomatic relations with Kosovo.
 Latvia 22 August 1992 See Armenia–Latvia relations
 Liechtenstein 7 May 2008 See Armenia–Liechtenstein relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 2008.
 Lithuania 21 November 1991 See Armenia–Lithuania relations
 Luxembourg 11 June 1992 See Armenia–Luxembourg relations
  • Armenia is represented in Luxembourg through its embassy in Brussels, (Belgium), and an honorary consulate in Luxembourg.
  • Luxembourg maintains a consulate in Yerevan.
  • Luxembourg recognized the Armenian genocide in 2015.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Malta 27 May 1993 See Armenia–Malta relations
  • Armenia is represented in Malta through its embassy in Rome.
  • Malta is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Warsaw and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Around 500 Armenians live in Malta.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Moldova May 1992 See Armenia–Moldova relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Chișinău.
  • Moldova is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine.
  • There are around 8000 people of Armenian descent living in Moldova.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Monaco Oct 2008 See Armenia–Monaco relations
  • Armenia is accredited to Monaco from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Monaco does not have an accreditation to Armenia.
 Montenegro 7 November 2006 See Armenia–Montenegro relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 November 2006.

  • Armenia is represented in Montenegro through its embassy in Prague (Czech Republic) and an honorary consulate in Podgorica.
  • Montenegro is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv (Ukraine) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Netherlands 30 January 1992 See Armenia–Netherlands relations and Armenians in the Netherlands
  • Armenia has an embassy in The Hague and honorary consulate in Hilversum.
  • The Netherlands has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are between 12,000 and 20,000 people of Armenian descent living in the Netherlands.
  • The Netherlands recognized the Armenian genocide in 2004.[172]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 North Macedonia 27 April 1993[173] See Armenia–North Macedonia relations
Both countries established relations on 27 April 1993.
 Norway 5 June 1992 See Armenia–Norway relations
  • Armenia is represented in Norway through its embassy in Copenhagen (Denmark).
  • Norway has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Approximately 2,000 Armenians live in Norway.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Poland 26 February 1992 See Armenia–Poland relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Warsaw.
  • Poland has an embassy in Yerevan.[174]
  • There are around 50,000 Armenians in Poland. Armenian is an official minority language in Poland. See also Armenians in Poland
  • See also Poles in Armenia
  • Poland recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Portugal 25 May 1992 See Armenia–Portugal relations
  • Armenia is represented in Portugal through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and honorary consulates in Lisbon and Porto.
  • Portugal is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[175]
  • Portugal recognized the Armenian genocide in 2019.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
  • One of the most notable Armenians who resided in Portugal was Calouste Gulbenkian. He was a wealthy Armenian businessman and philanthropist, who made Lisbon the headquarters for his businesses. He established the international charity, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Lisbon. He also founded the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian in Lisbon.[176][177]
 Romania 17 November 1991 See Armenia–Romania relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Bucharest.[178]
  • Romania has an embassy in Yerevan.[179]
  • Around 10,000 Armenians live in Romania.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Romania.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Russia 3 April 1992 See Armenia–Russia relations
Armenia's most notable recent foreign policy success came with 29 August treaty with Russia on friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance, in which Moscow committed itself to the defense of Armenia should it be attacked by a third party. Russia is the key regional security player, and has proved a valuable historical ally for Armenia. Although it appeared as a response to Aliyev's US trip, the treaty had probably long been under development. However, it is clear from the wider context of Armenian foreign policy that—while Yerevan welcomes the Russian security guarantee—the country does not want to rely exclusively on Moscow, nor to become part of a confrontation between Russian and US-led alliances in the Transcaucasus.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Moscow and general consulates Rostov-on-Don and Saint Petersburg and honorary consulates in Kaliningrad and Sochi.
  • Russia has an embassy in Yerevan and general consulate in Gyumri.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to the CSTO is located in Moscow.
  • Russia has recognized the Armenian genocide in 1995.
  • Armenia joined the Russian-led Eurasian Union in 2015.
  • It is estimated that there are between 2,500,000 and 2,900,000 million Armenians in Russia.
 San Marino 21 March 2006 See Armenia–San Marino relations
  • Armenia is represented in San Marino through its embassy in Rome (Italy).
  • San Marino has an honorary consulte in Yerevan.
 Serbia 14 January 1993 See Armenia–Serbia relations
 Slovakia 14 January 1993 See Armenia–Slovakia relations
 Slovenia 27 June 1994 See Armenia–Slovenia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Slovenia through its embassy in Prague (Czech Republic) and an honorary consulate in Ljubljana.
  • Slovenia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv (Ukraine) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Sovereign Military Order of Malta 29 May 1998 See Armenia–Sovereign Military Order of Malta relations
  • Diplomatic relations were established on 29 May 1998.
  • The Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintains an embassy in Yerevan.
  • The Order of Malta has recognized the Armenian Genocide.
 Spain 27 January 1992 See Armenia–Spain relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Madrid[181] and there are two honorary consulates in Valencia and Barcelona.
  • Spain is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Five regional parliaments in Spain including the Balearic Islands, Aragon, Navarre, Basque Country and Catalonia as well as 29 municipalities have recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • Around 80,000 Armenians live in Spain.
  • Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperations about the relation with Armenia[182]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Sweden 10 July 1992 See Armenia–Sweden relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Yerevan in 2014.[183]
  • Sweden recognized the Armenian genocide in 2010.
  • Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs: information about the Swedish ambassador to Armenia[184]
  • Around 5,000–8,000 Armenians live in Sweden. See also Armenians in Sweden.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
  Switzerland 23 December 1991 See Armenia–Switzerland relations
  • The Armenian ambassador to Switzerland and the Swiss ambassador to Armenia (based in Yerevan, Armenia) were both accredited in 2011.
  • The Armenian ambassador to Switzerland is based in Geneva, in the Armenian representation to the United Nations.
  • Switzerland maintains an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are roughly 5,000 Armenians in Switzerland.
  • Switzerland recognized the Armenian genocide in 2003.
  • Armenia's representative to the World Trade Organization is also located in Geneva.[185]
  • Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs about relations with Armenia[186]
 Ukraine 25 December 1992 See Armenia–Ukraine relations
Armenian–Ukrainian relations have lasted for centuries and today are cordial. Relations between Armenia and Ukraine have deflated since Armenia recognized the disputed referendum in Crimea and its subsequent annexation by Russia, and Ukraine has withdrawn its ambassador to Armenia for consultations. The Ukrainian government has asserted that this is temporary and that diplomatic relations between the two states shall indeed continue.[187]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Kyiv and consulates in Odesa and Yalta.
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Yerevan and honorary consulate in Gyumri.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Ukraine.
  • An estimated 250,000 Armenians live in Ukraine.
  • Crimea recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
 United Kingdom 20 January 1992 See Armenia–United Kingdom relations
  • The United Kingdom recognised Armenia on 31 December 1991.
  • The first embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Europe was established in London in October 1992.[188]
  • Since 1995, the United Kingdom has had an embassy in Yerevan.[189]
  • The two countries maintain collaborative and friendly relations, however the United Kingdom does not recognize the Armenian genocide, as it considers that the evidence is not clear enough to respectively consider "the terrible events that afflicted the Ottoman Armenian population at the beginning of the last century" genocide under the 1948 UN convention. The British government states the "massacres were an appalling tragedy" and states that this was the view of the government during that period.[190] Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland consider it to be a genocide, and there is a memorial in Cardiff, Wales.
  • There are approximately 20,000 Armenians in the UK, mostly in Greater London and Manchester.
  • British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Armenia

Oceania

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 15 January 1992 See Armenia–Australia relations
  • The first Armenians migrated to Australia in the 1850s, during the gold rush.
  • The majority came to Australia in the 1960s, starting with the Armenians of Egypt after Nasser came to power then, in the early 1970s, from Cyprus after the Turkish occupation of the island and from 1975 until 1992, a period of civil unrest in Lebanon.
  • Person-to-person governmental links are increasing although they are still modest. In September 2003, The Hon Mr Philip Ruddock MP visited Armenia in his former capacity as Australian Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs. In October 2005, the Armenian Foreign Minister, H.E. Mr Vardan Oskanyan, visited Australia. In November 2005, The Hon Mr Joe Hockey MP, Minister for Human Services, visited Armenia.
  • The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia refuses to recognise the mass murder of Armenians in 1915 as Genocide, although the State of New South Wales and South Australia passed a law recognising the Armenian Genocide. The Australian Government elections of 2007 created an atmosphere in which the Opposition Labor party declared it will push for the Recognition of the Armenian genocide in Australian Parliament if Labor wins the Elections.
  • There are around 60,000 Armenians in Australia.
  • Australia maintains a consulate in Yerevan.
 Fiji 7 June 2010 See Armenia–Fiji relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 2010.[191]
 Kiribati 26 September 2018 See Armenia–Kiribati relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2018.[192]
 Marshall Islands See Armenia–Marshall Islands relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and the Marshall Islands.
 Micronesia 21 September 2017 See Armenia–Micronesia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[193]
 Nauru 22 September 2017 See Armenia–Nauru relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2017.[194]
 New Zealand 6 June 1992 See Armenia–New Zealand relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 June 1992.[195]
  • Armenia is represented by New Zealand through its embassy in Moscow.
  • There is a small Armenian community in New Zealand, mostly in Auckland.
 Palau 21 September 2017 See Armenia–Palau relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[193]
 Papua New Guinea See Armenia–Papua New Guinea relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Papua New Guinea.
 Samoa See Armenia–Samoa relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Samoa.
 Solomon Islands See Armenia–Solomon Islands relations
There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Solomon Islands.
 Tuvalu 16 March 2012 See Armenia–Tuvalu relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 2012.[196]
 Vanuatu 26 September 2013 See Armenia–Vanuatu relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2013.[197]

Other international organizations

[edit]

Armenia is additionally a full member, unless otherwise noted, in the following international organizations, programs and treaties:

See also

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
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References

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Argentina
Canada
Chile
Czech
Denmark
NATO
International
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